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Day 21: Django Framework

Introduction to Django

Django is a high-level Python web framework that allows developers to build robust web applications quickly. It's highly recommended for building database-driven web applications. Django provides a lot of functionality out-of-the-box, such as an admin interface, authentication, and form handling.

Why Django?

Rapid development with built-in features.
Secure and scalable.
Supports a wide range of databases.
Rich ecosystem of libraries and plugins.

1. Setting Up Django

Step 1: Install Django

If you haven't already, install Django using pip:

pip install django

Step 2: Create a Django Project

After installing Django, create a new project. A Django project is a collection of settings, configurations, and applications. Run the following command:

django-admin startproject myproject

This will create a folder myproject with the basic structure:

myproject/
  manage.py
  myproject/
    __init__.py
    settings.py
    urls.py
    wsgi.py

Step 3: Run the Development Server

Navigate into the project directory and run the development server:

cd myproject python manage.py runserver

You should see output that says:

Starting development server at http://127.0.0.1:8000/ Quit the server with CONTROL-C.

Open your browser and visit http://127.0.0.1:8000/ to see the Django welcome page!

2. Creating a Django App

Step 1: Create an App

Inside the project directory, run:

python manage.py startapp blog

This creates a folder blog with the following structure:

blog/
  __init__.py
  admin.py
  apps.py
  models.py
  views.py
  tests.py
  migrations/

Step 2: Add the App to the Project

Open the myproject/settings.py file and add 'blog' to the INSTALLED_APPS list:

INSTALLED_APPS = [
  'django.contrib.admin',
  'django.contrib.auth',
  'django.contrib.contenttypes',
  'django.contrib.sessions',
  'django.contrib.messages',
  'django.contrib.staticfiles',
  'blog',  # Add this line
]

3. Creating Models in Django

Step 1: Define a Blog Post Model

In the blog/models.py file, define a BlogPost model:

from django.db import models

class BlogPost(models.Model):
    title = models.CharField(max_length=100)
    content = models.TextField()
    created_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)

    def __str__(self):
        return self.title

Step 2: Migrate the Model to the Database

After defining the model, run the migration commands to create the table in the database:

python manage.py makemigrations python manage.py migrate

4. Creating Views in Django

Step 1: Create a Simple View

In the blog/views.py file, create a view that displays all blog posts:

from django.shortcuts import render
from .models import BlogPost

def blog_list(request):
    posts = BlogPost.objects.all()  # Retrieve all blog posts from the database
    return render(request, 'blog/blog_list.html', {'posts': posts})

Would you like to dive deeper into any specific section or get code for advanced features like forms and authentication?

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