Select a Subtopic
Day 9: Working with Packages
Let's dive into how to work with packages in Python. This day focuses on creating, installing, and managing packages using `pip` and virtual environments.
Topics Covered:
- Creating Packages
- Installing Packages using pip
- Virtual Environments
1. Creating Packages
A package in Python is a directory that contains multiple Python files (modules) and a special __init__.py
file to indicate it is a package.
Example:
my_package/
__init__.py
module1.py
module2.py
Now, you can use your package by importing it:
import my_package
print(my_package.greet("Alice"))
print(my_package.farewell("Bob"))
2. Installing Packages Using pip
Use pip
to install external libraries from PyPI.
Steps to Install a Package:
- Open your terminal/command prompt.
- Run the command:
pip install packagename
Example:
pip install requests
Using the Installed Package:
import requests
response = requests.get('https://api.github.com')
print(response.status_code)
3. Virtual Environments
A virtual environment helps isolate project dependencies.
Steps to Create a Virtual Environment:
- Run the following command:
python -m venv myenv
- Activate the virtual environment:
- On Windows:
myenv\Scripts\activate
- On Mac/Linux:
source myenv/bin/activate
- Install packages using
pip
. - Deactivate the environment using:
deactivate
Example:
python -m venv myenv
Exercises for Day 9
- Create your own package with two modules:
math_utils
andstring_utils
. - Install the
requests
package and fetch the HTML of a webpage. - Create and use a virtual environment, then install a package inside it.
Summary
By the end of **Day 9**, you should be comfortable with:
- Creating and using Python packages.
- Installing external packages with
pip
. - Setting up and using virtual environments.